男儿本色

在巴以冲突爆发之初，拜登政府选择暂时抛开与内塔尼亚胡之间的立场分歧，坚定站在以色列一边，表示要捍卫以色列“自我防卫的权利”。不过随着冲突持续进行，特别是加沙平民的死伤惨重，逐渐让拜登政府与以色列之间的分歧不断加大。

▲5月8日，一门以军自行火炮向加沙地带开火 新华社发

真正的转折发生在以色列对加沙南部城市拉法进攻的前夕。据新华社报道，美国总统拜登5月8日表示，如果以色列军队进攻加沙地带南部城市拉法，美国将不会为其提供炸弹等武器，美方此前向以方提供的炸弹被用于杀害巴勒斯坦平民。    Lavrov expressed gratitude to Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko for the invitation, which confirms the "special nature of our [Russia-Belarus] relations, our alliance and strategic partnership.","During a lengthy conversation today, we discussed in detail the global situation. The problems that international relations and efforts to preserve international law face due to the selfish position and policy of the West, which is trying to impose its dictatorship on everyone, issuing ultimatums and not shunning any methods of subjugation," Lavrov said.,The diplomat noted that it is important now to uphold principles of the United Nations Charter.,"The future of the world order is really at stake, and we will return to the roots and in practice we will uphold the principles of the UN Charter, first and foremost principle of the sovereign equality of States. Otherwise, the world will be plunged into long-term chaos. Our choice is clear. We stand for unconditional respect of international law and we will defend this position together with our Belarusian and other allies," Lavrov added.,Genuine Multipolar Order Backed by BRICS Allows Greater Levels of Dialogue, Ex-Envoy Says24 June, 14:09 GMT,The Russia's top diplomat also said that the European Union is suffering from sanctions imposed by the United States against Russia much more than Washington itself, which means that the US probably wants to weaken the bloc as its competitor as well.,"If you compare the sanctions imposed by EU countries against Russia and Belarus, and, on the other hand, [the sanctions] imposed by the United States, then [you'll see that] the US, in general, are sparing themselves and trying not to be very active in these areas that can harm their economy," Lavrov emphasized.,The Russian foreign minister added that the US was being negatively affected by its own sanctions, but the EU was suffering from them much more. Therefore, the sanctions promoted by Washington might seek to weaken not only Russia and Belarus, but the EU as a competitor as well, Lavrov said.,Frustration Growing Among US Allies as Russia Sanctions Backfire, Reports Say25 June, 12:51 GMT,Moscow, Minsk Continue to Insist on Having Their Interests Respected Amid NATO Expansion,Russia and Belarus will keep insisting on having their security interests respected as NATO continues its expansion eastwards, Lavrov noted.,"Foreign policy and security issues were discussed at length during the presidents' meeting in St. Petersburg. It was underscored that Russia and Belarus will insist that their legitimate interests in the sphere of security during the age when NATO continues to act aggressively, that our legitimate interests be respected. We are always in favor of dialogue, we are always in favor of solutions that ensure equality, that ensure a balance of interests," Lavrov told journalists after a meeting with Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko.,The minister recalled several decisions made in the 1990s and 2010 on non-strengthening of countries' security at the expense of the security of others, and Moscow has since been insisting that these commitments be implemented. However, Lavrov noted, NATO has expanded five times while saying "the alliance is defensive, do not be afraid.",The Warsaw Pact — a collective defense treaty, signed between the Soviet Union and some countries of eastern Europe to counterweight NATO — no longer exists, the minister said, adding that further NATO enlargement eastward to establish a new line of defenses was "completely absurd.","For all these years, Russia has been trying to persuade the alliance to honor its commitments, not to strengthen its security at the expense of the security of others, not to expand eastward. But they have been pumping weapons into Ukraine and indulging neo-Nazi manifestations in every way, the theory and practice of neo-Nazism that has been taking root in Ukraine, had supported the coup d'état [in Ukraine] and the undermining of the Minsk agreements," Lavrov said.,On Tuesday, Turkey, Sweden, and Finland signed a security memorandum, after Ankara withdrew its objections to the two nations' entry into the alliance. On Wednesday, the two countries were officially invited to join NATO on the sidelines of the 2022 NATO Summit in Madrid.,NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg said earlier on Thursday that the protocol on Finland and Sweden's accession to NATO will be signed on July 5.,Putin: If NATO Infrastructure is Deployed to Finland & Sweden, Russia Will Respond in ‘Mirror Way’01:02 GMT,Russia will analyze decisions made at the NATO summit in Madrid and will act accordingly, Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov highlighted.,"We will analyze the situation and make a decision depending on how exactly, what the adopted and announced decisions of the North Atlantic Alliance will be embodied in," Lavrov said.,US Activity Regarding Biolabs in Europe Dangerous,Lavrov also noted that Moscow and Minsk consider US actions regarding biological laboratories in Europe as a threat.,"The actions of the United States in the field of bio laboratories in Europe are a danger to the whole world," Lavrov said at a press conference in Belarus.,Russia and Belarus see that the US does not want to ensure transparency of its biological activity, Lavrov added.,Plague and Typhus: What Have American Scientists Been Up to in Ukraine’s Biolabs?17 April, 18:23 GMT,The Russian foreign minister is on a working visit to Minsk that coincides with the 30th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Russia and Belarus. Earlier in the day, Lavrov had a meeting with Lukashenko.。这番表态一出，立刻引起轩然大波。不仅美国国内的议员痛批拜登成为“亲哈马斯”团体一员，以色列总理、大使、部长等高官纷纷发出猛烈抨击。

西北大学以色列研究中心主任王晋表示，美国政府手里并没有更多可以用来约束以色列行动的有效制裁手段，而且目前以色列社会内部意见较为统一，哪怕作为国际社会的“孤勇者”也希望将战争进行下去。

拜登当地时间5月8日在接受采访时表态称，如果以色列军队攻击拉法，他将停止向以色列提供进攻性武器，其中包括炮弹和精确制导炸弹。白宫方面也一再敦促内塔尼亚胡不要向拉法派遣部队，因为那里有超过100万巴勒斯坦平民在暴力事件中寻求庇护。

媒体分析指出，拜登的表态是在为以色列在拉法的军事行动“划红线”，也相当于承认美国在以色列对加沙地带的军事行动造成大量平民伤亡的过程中“扮演了一定角色”。

对此，佛罗里达州共和党参议员里克·斯科特在做客“福克斯与朋友”节目中被问到对拜登最新表态的反应时，斯科特表示，“拜登一切都是为了选举而表演，他的本性就是如此。民主党里面有一个亲哈马斯团体，现在他也是其中一员了。”

斯科特认为，拜登对加沙提供的援助将为联合国近东救济工程处提供支持，而该机构十几名工作人员被指控参与了哈马斯10月7日的袭击事件，美国国会中的几名共和党人敦促拜登政府停止向近东救济工程处提供资金。

“拜登显然站在哈马斯一边。”斯科特称，“他想要援助资金，这样他就可以将其提供给哈马斯。”

据报道，拜登在5月6日与以色列总理内塔尼亚胡通话约一个半小时。他当时提前告诉内塔尼亚胡，如果以军进入拉法，美国将停止向以色列国防军运送武器。据了解谈话内容的消息人士称，内塔尼亚胡回答道，“如果有必要，我们将用指甲去战斗。”以色列高级官员证实，内塔尼亚胡的确有过这样的激烈言辞。

当地时间5月9日，在拜登公开了武器禁运的威胁之后，内塔尼亚胡又向以色列观众发表了视频讲话称，“如有必要，以军将用牙齿和指甲坚持战斗。”

以极端民族主义立场著称的以色列安全部长伊塔马尔·本·格维尔5月9日发布了一条带有心形图案推特，说哈马斯“喜欢”拜登，另外一名以色列政客也在视频频道节目中炮轰称，“现在美国在中东地区最好的朋友就是哈马斯了。”

一名以色列前官员对媒体表示，拜登的讲话震惊了以色列政府中的许多人，尤其是以色列国防军和安全部门。这名匿名的前官员说，以色列国防军内部对与拜登政府不断升级紧张关系非常担忧。以色列国防军发言人丹尼尔▪哈加里在新闻发布会上表示，以色列有足够的武器在拉法展开行动，与拜登政府的分歧则将在“密室”中闭门解决。

拜登和内塔尼亚胡的一个主要矛盾在于，美国方面希望以色列慎重考虑军事打击对平民的伤害，而以色列社会则对推进战争具有较强的决心。

王晋表示：“以色列肯定会坚持到底的，这是他国内舆论所所决定的。从现在来看，以色列国内绝大部分人还是倾向于继续进行作战。尽管被孤立，但是他们还是要做那种‘战斗的孤勇者’，所以从这个角度看，恐怕很难说国际社会对它（以色列）的这种压力会奏效。”

▲5月8日，在拉法一名男子转移受伤的儿童 新华社发

至于拜登提出的武器禁运等制裁手段，王晋认为也会收效甚微。王晋表示，其实美国方面的施压并不是从这一次开始，而是此前就逐步展开了，比如减少对以色列武器弹药（尤其是精确制导武器）的供应等。不过这些制裁动作对于以色列来说“只能算是外力”，无法从根本上动摇以色列社会的共识。王晋认为，美国后续也很难拿出更多有效的（对以色列）制裁手段。所以总体来看，美国方面的制裁很难在短期内对以色列方面造成压力。

B |

红星新闻记者 郑直  综合新华社 央视新闻